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Daily briefing: Food is medicine

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Coloured scanning electron micrograph of a cultured breast cancer cell (orange) moving through two holes in a support film.

A breast cancer cell (artificially coloured) climbs through a supportive film in a laboratory experiment.Credit: Steve Gschmeissner/SPL

An artificial intelligence (AI) tool could help to identify the origins of cancers that have spread from a previously undetected tumour somewhere else in the body. The proof-of-concept model analyses images of cells from the metastatic cancer to spot similarities with its source — for example, breast cancer cells that migrate to the lungs still look like breast cancer cells. In dry runs, there was a 99% chance that the correct source was included in the model’s top three predictions. A top-three list could reduce the need for invasive medical tests and help clinicians tailor treatments to suit.

Nature | 4 min read

Reference: Nature Medicine paper

US politicians sparred yesterday in the latest of a series of public hearings, notionally about the origins of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, that have highlighted the polarization of US politics. Science editor-in-chief Holden Thorp was in the hot seat as Republicans alleged that government scientists unduly influenced the editors of scientific journals and that, in turn, those publications suppressed the lab-leak hypothesis. Democrats lambasted their Republican colleagues for making such accusations without adequate evidence and for undermining trust in science.

Nature | 5 min read

610,000 to 1 million years ago

The estimated era when global hot-beverage sensation Coffea arabica arose from a natural mating between two other coffee species, according to an in-depth genetic analysis. (Reuters | 5 min read)

Reference: Nature Genetics paper

Last week, the top European human-rights court ruled in favour of a group of more than 2,000 older women who said that the Swiss government’s climate inaction violates their right to life and health. But what do such wins actually achieve? Plenty, say analysts: a pivotal case against the Dutch government transformed climate investment and energy policies in the Netherlands. And a case brought by young activists in Germany led to a strengthening of the country’s climate-change targets. In the private sector, litigation has been shown to curb greenwashing and dent company valuations and share prices. And even cases that fail in the courts can raise public awareness of climate issues and help other cases.

Nature | 6 min read

Read more: These veteran female activists are fighting a pivotal climate case with science (Nature | 6 min read, from 2023, paywall)

CLIMATE CASES SOAR. Chart shows a steep increase in legal cases relating to climate change have been filed in courts since 1986.

Source: Grantham Research Institute/Sabin Center for Climate Change Law

Features & opinion

Evidence is growing that targeted dietary interventions can treat, delay and even prevent some illnesses.

The DASH diet — yes to fruits, vegetables, whole grains and low-fat dairy; no to salt, saturated fat and booze — offers a promising alternative to medication for people with early-stage hypertension.

The Mediterranean diet — largely similar, but you get moderate amounts of red wine and salt, sometimes supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil or nuts — is associated with positive changes in polycystic ovarian syndrome.

There are early hints that some people with neurological disorders, from migraine to Alzheimer’s disease, might benefit from avoiding some ingredients, such as caffeine, and including others, such as specific fats.

Researchers caution that more evidence is needed, but large-scale randomized trials of dietary interventions are difficult to conduct, especially where people can’t afford to change what they eat. Policymakers have a role to play, say scientists: stop subsidizing the ingredients of cheap, processed foods and invest in making healthy options easy and accessible for all.

Nature Medicine | 10 min read

Reference: Hypertension paper & Nutrients paper

Reviewers should be guided by a transparent set of questions to help make peer-review as trustworthy and robust as possible, suggests Mario Malički, the co-editor-in-chief of the journal Research Integrity and Peer Review. “For example, editors might ask peer reviewers to consider whether the methods are described in sufficient detail to allow another researcher to reproduce the work,” says Malički. “Other aspects of a study, such as novelty, potential impact, language and formatting, should be handled by editors, journal staff or even machines, reducing the workload for reviewers.”

Nature | 5 min read

Infographic of the week

Global mobility divide. A world map showing the number of countries citizens can visit, by country. Germany, France, Spain, Italy, Japan and Singapore are ranked top.

People from sub-Saharan Africa pay three weeks’ wages, on average, for a tourist visa to another country. Citizens in Western Europe pay less than an hour’s salary. It’s just one example of how some researchers face often-distressing immigration bureaucracy that others do not, write US-born sociologist Tiffany Joseph and systems biologist Mayank Chugh, who was born in the global south. They outline six steps that academics can take to rebalance the scales. (Nature | 8 min read)

QUOTE OF THE DAY

India could supercharge its impressive scientific achievements by encouraging businesses to contribute more to research-and-development spending, argues a Nature editorial. (5 min read)

In November, I shared with you our sorrow that senior careers editor Karen Kaplan — who commissioned many of the stories that I know to be Briefing readers’ favourites — had died, aged 64, of a rare head and neck cancer. Her dedication to showing the real-life diversity of scientists drove her to co-develop our award-winning ‘Where I Work’ series. That series is now on display as a beautiful large-scale photography exhibition, dedicated to Karen, near the Nature offices in King’s Cross, London. If you’re nearby, do drop by (it’s free). Otherwise, check out the virtual exhibition online.

Thanks for reading,

Flora Graham, senior editor, Nature Briefing

With contributions by Gemma Conroy

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Nanotechnology’s Impact on Medicine: Small Tech, Big Changes

The world of medicine is in the midst of a profound transformation, and at the heart of this revolution is a field that deals with the exceptionally tiny – nanotechnology. This captivating blend of science and engineering has ushered in an era where manipulating matter at the nanoscale, with structures smaller than 100 nanometers, is now commonplace. Nanotechnology’s role in medicine, aptly named nanomedicine, has set the stage for remarkable changes in healthcare. In this article, we’ll delve into the myriad ways nanotechnology is influencing the field of medicine, from targeted drug delivery to improved diagnostics and regenerative therapies.

Nanotechnology’s Foundations

Before we explore nanotechnology’s applications in medicine, it’s essential to grasp the fundamental principles of this interdisciplinary science. Nanotechnology operates at a scale where individual molecules and atoms are manipulated to create materials, devices, and systems with unique properties. The ability to engineer matter at such a minute level opens doors to a multitude of applications, including electronics, materials science, and, significantly, medicine.

Precise Drug Delivery:

One of the most compelling aspects of nanotechnology’s influence on medicine is its impact on drug delivery. Traditional drug delivery methods often result in drugs circulating throughout the body, which can lead to side effects and diminished efficacy. Nanoparticles, engineered with precision, offer an innovative solution to this age-old problem.

These tiny carriers can transport drugs directly to their intended destination, reducing side effects and enhancing the treatment’s effectiveness. For instance, in cancer therapy, nanoparticles can be designed to target and destroy cancer cells while sparing healthy tissues, thereby minimizing the harm caused to the patient.

Enhanced Imaging and Diagnostics:

Nanotechnology has also revolutionized medical imaging and diagnostics. It has enabled the development of contrast agents that significantly enhance the quality of images. These agents help in detecting and diagnosing diseases at an earlier stage and with greater accuracy.

For example, the use of quantum dots, nanoscale semiconductor particles, has improved the visualization of tissues and structures. This is particularly critical in early disease detection, as in the case of cancer, where early diagnosis can be a matter of life and death.

Regenerative Medicine:

Regenerative medicine, which focuses on repairing or replacing damaged tissues and organs, stands to benefit immensely from nanotechnology. Nanoscale materials, such as scaffolds and nanoparticles, can mimic the extracellular matrix, stimulating the body’s natural regenerative processes. This offers hope for patients with conditions like spinal cord injuries, osteoarthritis, and other degenerative diseases.

Personalized Medicine:

Nanotechnology plays a pivotal role in enabling personalized medicine. By tailoring treatments to an individual’s genetic makeup, nanomedicine offers the potential for significantly improved treatment outcomes. For instance, nanoparticles can be used to deliver gene therapies designed to address specific genetic mutations, ensuring more precise and effective treatment.

Addressing Antibiotic Resistance:

The rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is a growing concern in healthcare. Nanotechnology presents a potential solution by creating nanomaterials capable of targeting and destroying antibiotic-resistant pathogens. This approach holds promise in combating infections that are no longer responsive to traditional antibiotics.

Ethical Considerations:

While the potential of nanotechnology in medicine is vast, it’s essential to consider the associated ethical implications. These include issues related to patient privacy, informed consent, and equitable access to advanced treatments. As nanomedicine continues to advance, addressing these ethical concerns is paramount to ensure that the benefits of these innovations are accessible to all.

In the context of healthcare and medical regulations, a “DEA number lookup by NPI” refers to the process of cross-referencing the National Provider Identifier (NPI) of a healthcare provider with their corresponding Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) number. This lookup is essential for tracking and verifying the prescribing practices of healthcare professionals, particularly in relation to controlled substances. It is a critical tool in maintaining the integrity of healthcare and ensuring that the prescription of controlled substances follows established regulations and guidelines. This integration of technology, like NPI and DEA number lookup, exemplifies how innovation, even at the nano level, permeates every facet of the healthcare industry.

Conclusion

In conclusion, nanotechnology’s impact on medicine is undeniable. It has the potential to revolutionize the way we diagnose and treat diseases, make drug delivery more effective, and even address antibiotic resistance. As the field of nanomedicine continues to advance, it is crucial to overcome challenges and address ethical concerns to ensure that these innovations benefit all of humanity.

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Vacuum Cupping and Traditional Chinese Medicine: What’s better for you?

It’s crucial to consider your tastes and needs while deciding between vacuum cupping and traditional Chinese medicine. Both techniques can be helpful in various ways, and each has unique advantages.

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has become a top option for people looking for all-natural therapies and non-invasive remedies. Vacuum cupping is one of the unique TCM procedures that has drawn interest from a broad audience due to its possible health advantages. But how does Hoover cupping stack up against the more comprehensive field of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and which option could be best for you?

We will thoroughly examine the history, practises, and potential benefits of vacuum cupping and Traditional Chinese Medicine in this blog article to assist you in choosing the strategy that best supports your health and well-being objectives.

Traditional Chinese Medicine: An Ancient Healing System

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used for thousands of years as a holistic treatment method in China and other parts of Asia. It is predicated on the idea that the body’s life force, or Qi, travels via a system of meridians or passageways. Disease and illness can result from an unbalanced or disturbed Qi flow. TCM seeks to reestablish Qi’s equilibrium and to advance general health and well-being.

Vital Elements of Traditional Chinese Medicine:

  • Acupuncture: Acupuncture involves the insertion of thin needles into specific points on the body to stimulate Qi flow and alleviate various health issues.
  • Herbal Medicine: TCM uses various herbs and plant-based remedies to treat various ailments. These herbs are often combined into formulas tailored to individual needs.
  • Dietary Therapy: TCM emphasizes the importance of eating foods that align with your body’s constitution and health condition. It provides nutritional guidelines and recommendations for achieving and maintaining good health.
  • Qi Gong and Tai Chi: These mind-body practices involve gentle movements, breathing exercises, and meditation to promote balance and relaxation.
  • Cupping Therapy: Cupping is a therapeutic technique that is often used in conjunction with other TCM treatments. It involves placing cups on the skin to create a vacuum, which is believed to help stimulate blood flow, reduce muscle tension, and promote healing.

Vacuum Cupping: A Closer Look

Cupping therapy, or vacuum breast machine cupping, is a specific technique within the realm of Traditional Chinese Medicine. It involves using special cups, typically made of glass, plastic, or silicone, placed on the skin to create a vacuum seal. The vacuum is created by either heating the cups or using a pump. The cups are left in place for a few minutes, creating suction on the skin.

The Process of Vacuum Cupping:

  • Preparation: The therapist or practitioner begins by sterilizing the cups and the patient’s skin. Oil or lotion may be applied to facilitate smooth movement of the cups.
  • Creating the Vacuum: The cups are heated with a flame, or a pump is used to remove air from the cups, creating a vacuum. The cups adhere to the body when placed on the skin due to the pressure difference.
  • Placement: The cups are strategically placed on specific acupuncture points, meridians, or areas of concern. Multiple cups may be used in a single session.
  • Duration: The cups are left in place for a few minutes, usually 5-15 minutes, or they may be moved around to massage the area.
  • Removal: The therapist releases the vacuum by pressing on the skin or using a valve to remove the cups. This can cause a suction “pop” as the cup is lifted off the skin.

Vacuum cupping is often used for various purposes, including pain relief, promoting relaxation, improving blood circulation, and treating specific health conditions. It is believed to work by increasing blood flow to the treated area and helping to release muscle tension.

Vacuum Cupping vs. Traditional Chinese Medicine: Which Is Better for You?

After having a better grasp of suction cupping and Traditional Chinese Medicine, let’s compare the two and see which strategy would be more effective for your particular needs:

  1. Areas of Practice: Traditional Chinese medicine includes acupuncture, herbal treatments, dietary counseling, and mind-body activities like Tai Chi and Qi Gong. These are just a few of the treatments that it offers. On the other hand, Hoover cupping, a specific TCM method, is regularly combined with other forms of treatment. TCM may be a better alternative if you’re searching for an all-encompassing health and wellness strategy covering a range of therapeutic treatments.
  2. Health Goals: Your health goals play a huge role in determining which approach is ideal for you. TCM is a holistic medical approach that can address various health issues, including digestive problems, chronic pain, stress, and anxiety. Although suction cupping is effective for some ailments, its use may be more constrained and fall short of your health requirements. If you have any specific problems or symptoms, talk to a TCM practitioner to create a personalized treatment plan.
  3. Pain Management: If you’re primarily seeking pain relief, vacuum cupping can be an effective standalone therapy. Muscle and skeletal discomfort, including neck pain, back pain, and tension headaches, are frequently relieved by it. The suction produced by the cups aids in boosting blood flow to the injured area, which can assist in lessening inflammation and aid in healing. Regular cupping sessions help a lot of people manage their chronic pain.
  4. Stress Reduction and Relaxation: Vacuum cupping and TCM aid in relaxation and stress reduction. Qi Gong and Tai Chi, two TCM techniques, are intended to relax the mind, lessen tension, and enhance general well-being. Due to its capacity to relieve muscle tension and increase circulation, cupping therapy can also result in a profound sense of relaxation.
  5. Chronic Health Conditions: Traditional Chinese Medicine might provide a more thorough and long-lasting solution for persistent medical issues that need maintenance. To address the underlying causes of chronic diseases and encourage long-lasting healing, TCM practitioners can create long-term treatment programmes incorporating acupuncture, herbal treatments, dietary recommendations, and lifestyle suggestions.
  6. Personal Preferences: Choosing between vacuum cupping and Traditional Chinese Medicine may come down to personal preferences. Some individuals may prefer the simplicity and focus of cupping therapy, while others may value the holistic approach of TCM. It’s essential to explore both options, consult with qualified practitioners, and determine which resonates with you and aligns with your wellness goals.

Final Thoughts

It’s crucial to consider all available options for excellent health and well-being, including vacuum cupping and Traditional Chinese Medicine. While TCM offers a complete approach to health and recovery, combining acupuncture, herbal medicine, dietary therapy, and more, Hoover cupping is a valuable therapeutic practice within the larger TCM framework.

The decision between suction cupping and TCM ultimately comes down to your unique health objectives, specific medical issues, and personal preferences. You can design a personalized treatment plan tailored to your needs by consulting an experienced TCM practitioner. This individualized approach not only makes sure you get the care you need but also encourages general well-being.

With their knowledge, you can begin a healing journey most advantageous for your health objectives. Putting your health first should always be considered regarding your well-being. It’s crucial to investigate many avenues, including holistic and natural healing approaches, that fit with your principles. Make sure that you care for yourself in a way that speaks to you individually by looking at these possibilities.

Whether you find comfort in Traditional Chinese Medicine’s multidimensional approach or the ease of cupping therapy, both can be helpful tools for improved health.